Sensory processing and emotional regulation are deeply interconnected aspects of human development, and together they play a significant role in shaping how individuals understand, react to, and manage their emotions.
Sensory processing refers to the ways in which we receive and respond to sensory information—sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and textures—from our environment.
Emotional regulation, meanwhile, is controlled by parts of the brain such as the amygdala, which plays a central role in emotional responses. When sensory processing works smoothly, it supports emotional balance; but when challenges arise in processing sensory information, it can impact one’s ability to regulate emotions effectively.
Illustrator | Credit @ ELise Gravel
Here are some ways that sensory processing and emotional intelligence are connected:
Sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS): Involves increased sensitivity to environmental stimuli. People with SPS may perceive and respond to stimuli, including emotional ones, more intensely.
Inadequate sensory processing: May cause difficulties with emotional regulation and behaviors.
Sensory diet: Can help with emotional regulation. The type of sensory diet that works best for a child depends on their needs, but it should be consistent.
One key connection between sensory processing and emotional regulation is sensory-processing sensitivity (SPS), that means individuals respond more intensely to sensory input. For children and adults with SPS, sensory cues in the environment, like noise or bright lights, can trigger stronger emotional responses than they might in others. For instance, an unexpected loud noise might make someone with high SPS feel overwhelmed and anxious, creating challenges for emotional regulation in moments of stress.
In some cases, inadequate sensory processing can lead to more severe challenges with emotional regulation and behavior. Children with sensory processing disorder (SPD) may find it hard to engage in typical social interactions or adapt to changes, which may heighten feelings of frustration or anxiety. For these children, emotional regulation becomes particularly challenging because sensory input can be overwhelming, leading to intense or unpredictable emotional responses.
A sensory diet is one method that can help improve emotional regulation for those with sensory processing challenges. This personalized plan of sensory activities is designed to meet an individual’s unique sensory needs. A consistent sensory diet can help a child feel more grounded, reducing sensory overload and providing tools to manage emotions better. The specific activities in a sensory diet vary but may include calming exercises like deep breathing or sensory breaks to reset and refocus.
The environment also plays a crucial role. Studies show that children with high SPS often fare better in environments where caregivers are warm, responsive, and emotionally supportive. This type of positive, nurturing environment helps highly sensitive children develop emotional regulation skills, as they feel safe to explore emotions without fear of harsh judgment. Conversely, for children with SPS, a less responsive caregiving style, where warmth and sensitivity are lacking, can lead to emotional dysregulation, as they may feel misunderstood and struggle to process their more intense emotional reactions.
Sensory processing and emotional regulation form a complex system, affecting daily interactions, social skills, and well-being. As we learn more about this connection, we can better support children and adults in managing their emotions, especially those with higher sensory sensitivities.
Sensory processing strategies, nurturing environments, and responsive caregiving can create a foundation for more effective emotional regulation, ultimately helping individuals achieve a greater sense of emotional stability and resilience.
Learn more about how sensory processing and emotional regulation is linked from our upcoming workshop Growing Strong Minds happening on Saturday, 9th November 2024 at Raja Tun Uda Library, Shah Alam.
Click here: https://bit.ly/StrongMindUE
References:
Drndarević, N., Protić, S., & Mestre, J. M. (2021). Sensory-Processing Sensitivity and Pathways to Depression and Aggression: The Mediating Role of Trait Emotional Intelligence and Decision-Making Style-A Pilot Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(24), 13202. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413202
Hong, E., & Hong, S. (2016). The Relationship Between Sensory Processing and Emotional Regulation : A Literature Review. Journal of Korean Society of Sensory Integration Therapists. 14. 50-59. 10.18064/JKASI.2016.14.1.050.
Sperati, A., Acevedo, B. P., Dellagiulia, A., Fasolo, M., Spinelli, M., D'Urso, G., & Lionetti, F. (2024). The contribution of Sensory Processing Sensitivity and internalized attachment representations on emotion regulation competencies in school-age children. Frontiers in psychology, 15, 1357808. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1357808
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